24. Replace Spaces with '%20' Without Using Default Functions

Objective: Write an algorithm to replace all spaces in a given string with '%20'. You can consider that string has enough space at the end of the string to hold the extra characters.

Input: A String and the true length of a string
Output: Updated string in which each space is replaced by the '%20'

Example:

Input: This is tutorial horizon
Output: this%20is%20tutorial%20horizon

Approach:

• Count the total spaces in a string in one iteration, say the count is spaceCount
• Calculate the new length of a string by newLength = length + 2*spaceCount; (we need two more places for each space since %20 has 3 characters, one character will occupy the blank space and for rest two we need extra space)
• Do another iteration in reverse direction
• If you encounter the space, for next 3 spaces put %,20.
• If you encounter the character, copy it

Output:

  Input String : This is tutorial horizon
Output String : This%20is%20tutorial%20horizon

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