339. Multiply with power of 2 without using pow() or * operator

Objective: Given a number n and k, Calculate n * k² without using pow() or *operator.

Example:

N = 3, k = 4
N*k² = 48

Approach: Bit Manipulation

Left shift the number N by k.

For example, N = 3
Bit representation: 0 1 1
Left shift by k = 4
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 which is the representation of 48.

Output:

Number 3 Multiplied by 4^2 is: 48